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General
Copernicus, Nicolaus (1473-1543)
Einstein, Albert (1879-1955)
Hipparchus (c. 180-125 BC)
Hubble, Edwin P. (1889-1953)
Jansky, Karl (1905-1950)
Kepler, Johannes (1571-1630)
Newton, Issac (1642-1727)
Ptolemy (2nd Century AD)
Shapley, Harlow (1885-1972)
Hawking, Stephen (1942-1998+)

Galileo Galilei was an Italian astronomer and physicist who was the first person to use a telescope to study the stars. Galileo supported Copernicus's theory that the earth moved around the sun and so was put into prison by the church and not forgiven until 1992.

LINKS
Very detailed information on his life and work and the science that was around in his time. This site also includes information on his conflict with the church. Site is by Rice University.
http://es.rice.edu/ES/humsoc/Galileo/

Galileo's notes on motion including a picture of his actual manuscript Ms. Gal. 72 and meticulous annotations
http://www.imss.fi.it/ms72/index.html

The history of science - Galileo and the rise of mechanism
http://www.rit.edu/~flwstv/galileo.html

Slides for lectures on Galileo's life and work
http://webug.physics.uiuc.edu/courses/phys150/fall97/slides/lect06/

Notes, diagrams and information on Galileo's life work
http://phyun5.ucr.edu/~wudka/Physics7/Notes_www/node45.html

Galileo's discovery of Jupiter's moons
http://www.cosmopolis.com/people/files/galileo-discovery.html